Zabbix 5.0全网监控搭建（LNMP版本）老男孩Linux培训

centos7基于lnmp架构安装zabbix 5.0

zabbix 5.0 版本于2020年 5 月 11 日正式发布，是最新的 LTS（长期支持）版本，5.0 带来很多功能和特性，接下来，我们先把它部署上

1.环境要求

一个软件刚刚更新发布新版本没多久，这时候不要去百度搜索什么的，资料很少的，我们直接去看官方文档，你想要的官方文档里都有，我们先看看官方文档上 zabbix 5.0的安装要求

REQUIRED SOFTWARE

Zabbix is built around modern web servers, leading database engines, and PHP scripting language.

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Software	Version	Comments
MySQL	5.5.62 - 8.0.x	Required if MySQL is used as Zabbix backend database. InnoDB engine is required. MariaDB (10.0.37 or later) also works with Zabbix. We recommend using the MariaDB Connector/C[1] library for building server/proxy regardless of whether you use a MySQL or MariaDB database server.
Oracle	11.2 or later	Required if Oracle is used as Zabbix backend database.
PostgreSQL	9.2.24 or later	Required if PostgreSQL is used as Zabbix backend database. It is suggested to use at least PostgreSQL 8.3, which introduced much better VACUUM performance[2].
TimescaleDB	1.0 or later, OSS (free) version	Required if TimescaleDB is used as Zabbix backend database.
SQLite	3.3.5 or later	SQLite is only supported with Zabbix proxies. Required if SQLite is used as Zabbix proxy database.

FRONTEND

The minimum supported screen width for Zabbix frontend is 1200px.

Software	Version	Comments
Apache	1.3.12 or later
PHP	7.2.0 or later
PHP extensions:
gd	2.0.28 or later	PHP GD extension must support PNG images (--with-png-dir), JPEG (--with-jpeg-dir) images and FreeType 2 (--with-freetype-dir).
bcmath		php-bcmath (--enable-bcmath)
ctype		php-ctype (--enable-ctype)
libXML	2.6.15 or later	php-xml, if provided as a separate package by the distributor.
xmlreader		php-xmlreader, if provided as a separate package by the distributor.
xmlwriter		php-xmlwriter, if provided as a separate package by the distributor.
session		php-session, if provided as a separate package by the distributor.
sockets		php-net-socket (--enable-sockets). Required for user script support.
mbstring		php-mbstring (--enable-mbstring)
gettext		php-gettext (--with-gettext). Required for translations to work.
ldap		php-ldap. Required only if LDAP authentication is used in the frontend.
openssl		php-openssl. Required only if SAML authentication is used in the frontend.
mysqli		Required if MySQL is used as Zabbix backend database.
oci8		Required if Oracle is used as Zabbix backend database.
pgsql		Required if PostgreSQL is used as Zabbix backend database.

注意：以上内容来自于zabbix官方文档

从这段资料中可以看出，zabbix 5.0最大的变化，就是php版本要求 7.2以上，而centos7的默认源php版本是5.4，所以这里我们就要使用第三方php的yum源了

2：安装php 7.2以及zabbix 所需的php扩展模块

安装php第三方源

yum install epel-release.noarch -yrpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

安装nginx、php7.2和所需php扩展模块

yum install nginx  php72w-cli php72w-fpm php72w-common php72w-mysqlnd php72w-mbstring  php72w-gd php72w-bcmath php72w-ldap php72w-xml -y

注意：webtatic源在国外，容易失败

修改php的配置文件

vim  /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf user = apachegroup = apache修改为user = nginxgroup = nginx

修改nginx的配置文件

vim  /etc/nginx/nginx.confworker_processes  1;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        location / {            root   /html;            index  index.php index.html index.htm;        }        location ~ \.php$ {            root           /html;            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;            fastcgi_index  index.php;            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /html$fastcgi_script_name;            include        fastcgi_params;        }    }}

启动nginx和php-fpm

systemctl start nginxsystemctl enable nginxsystemctl start php-fpmsystemctl enable php-fpm

3：安装zabbix-web

cd /opt/#下载源码包wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/5.0/zabbix-5.0.4.tar.gztar xf zabbix-5.0.4.tar.gzmkdir /html#拷贝zabbix-web到站点目录cp -a zabbix-5.0.4/ui/* /html#修改站点目录属主和属组chown -R nginx:nginx /html

使用浏览器访问http://<你的ip>

发现页面打不开，不要慌，我们看下日志

[root@zabbix-5 opt]# cat /var/log/nginx/error.log 2020/10/08 10:29:01 [error] 12403#0: *1 FastCGI sent in stderr: "PHP message: PHP Warning:  session_start(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_f8b4d79c68b0ec44a225bd3419783d60, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 45PHP message: PHP Warning:  session_start(): Failed to read session data: files (path: /var/lib/php/session) in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 45PHP message: PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught Exception: Cannot start session. in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php:46Stack trace:#0 /html/setup.php(66): CSession::start()#1 {main}  thrown in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 46" while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.2.8, server: localhost, request: "GET /setup.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "192.168.2.121"

从这段日志分析来看，php执行函数session_start出错，原因是没有目录/var/lib/php/session

[root@zabbix-5 opt]# ls /var/lib/php/sessionls: cannot access /var/lib/php/session: No such file or directory#这里可以发现，确实没有这个目录
解决方法：mkdir /var/lib/php/sessionchown -R nginx:nginx /var/lib/php/session

再次刷新浏览器，问题解决

接下来，点击Next step

这里有几个警告，我们处理下

vim /etc/php.inipost_max_size = 8M修改为post_max_size = 16M
max_execution_time = 30修改为max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 60修改为max_input_time = 300
;date.timezone =去掉注释，并修改为date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
#重启php-fpm，并刷新浏览器systemctl restart php-fpm.service 

干干净净，这下舒服了

继续点击Next step

到这里，我们先等一等，先安装下数据库和zabbix-server

4：安装zabbix-server

安装数据库

 yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y systemctl start mariadb.service  systemctl enable mariadb.service #建议执行下mysql_secure_installation
#为zabbix创库授权[root@zabbix-5 opt]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]>  create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> quit

安装zabbix-server

rpm -ivh https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpmyum install zabbix-server-mysql -y#导入zabbix初始数据文件zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-*/create.sql.gz |mysql -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix

修改zabbix-server配置

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf#配置下数据库的连接信息DBHost=localhostDBName=zabbixDBUser=zabbixDBPassword=123456

启动zabbix-server

systemctl start zabbix-server.service systemctl enable zabbix-server.service
#检查zabbix-server启动情况[root@zabbix-5 opt]# netstat -lntup|grep 10051tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10051           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      13190/zabbix_server tcp6       0      0 :::10051                :::*                    LISTEN      13190/zabbix_server 

5：最后的安装

继续访问浏览器

下一步

继续下一步

继续下一步

点击完成，会自动跳转到登陆页面

初始的用户是Admin,密码zabbix(注意大小写)

登录成功之后的页面

这个web界面和之前的版本变化很大

关于zabbix 5.0的其他使用技巧，后续再更新

References

[1] MariaDB Connector/C: https://downloads.mariadb.org/connector-c/
[2] introduced much better VACUUM performance: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/release-8-3.html